English Teachers

 專有名詞

1.       人、物、地的專有名稱

John　Mary　Mr. Wang　Miss. White

Taipei　Tokyo　England　Asia　Europe

China Chinese　 Japan Japanese　Germany German

February　Wednesday　Christmas

2.       字首須大寫，通常不加冠詞，通常無複數

** the + 河海名, 國家名(有of), 全體國民(複), 某家人(複)

the Yellow River　 the Pacific Ocean

the Republic of China　 the United States of America

the Americans　 the Chinese　 the Germans

the Chens　 the Wangs　 the Lins

 物質名詞

1.       沒有一定型態的物質名稱

food　fruit　meat　fish　rice　wheat　flour　bread　sugar　salt

milk　tea　coffee　wine　water　beer

wood　stone　glass　paper　grass　metal　gold　iron　money

air　gas　water　oil　ink　rain　snow

2.       通常無複數，不加a, an，表示總稱時不加the

Give him some food and wine.

*Give him some foods and wines.

Gold is more expensive than silver.

*The gold is more expensive than the silver.

3.       表示數量：計量名詞/little, much + 物質名詞

a cup/two cups of tea

a glass/two glasses of milk

a pound/two pounds of sugar

Don’t waste too much money.

*Don’t waste too many money.

We had little rain last year.

*We had few rains last year.

4.       指特定東西時, 須加the

[總稱] We can not live without water and air.

[特定] The water in this cup is clean and the air in this room is good.

[總稱] I like to drink milk

[特定] The milk in this glass is sour.

 抽象名詞

1.       性質、狀態、動作、概念的名稱

kindness　wisdom　knowledge　health

peace　freedom　grammar　history　height　movement

2.       無複數，不加a, an，表示總稱時不加the

We all learn by experience.

*We all learn by experiences.

Health is above wealth.

*The health is above the wealth.

3.       little, much + 抽象名詞

He has not much knowledge of history.

*He has not many knowledges of history

It is of little use.

*It is of few uses.

4.       指特定東西時, 須加the

[總稱] Happiness cannot be bought with money.

[特定] People envy the happiness of his family.

5.       動詞 形容詞 名詞 →  抽象名詞